California

State

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    2024 Population
    39.3M
    US Senator
    Alex Padilla
    Democratic Party
    US Senator
    Adam Schiff
    Democratic Party
    2024 Median Age
    37.9
    0.798% 1-year increase
    2024 Poverty Rate
    12%
    0.332% 1-year increase
    2024 Median Household Income
    $99,122
    2.89% 1-year growth
    2024 Median Property Value
    $734,700
    5.65% 1-year growth
    2024 Employed Population
    17.7M
    0.378% 1-year growth

    About

    44.4% of the households in California reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    87.7% of the residents in California are U.S. citizens.

    The largest universities in California are University of Southern California (18,492 degrees awarded in 2024), University of California-Los Angeles (15,392 degrees), and University of California-Berkeley (15,348 degrees).

    In 2024, the median property value in California was $734,700, and the homeownership rate was 55.9%.

    Most people in California drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 28.7 minutes. The average car ownership in California was 2 cars per household.

    California borders Arizona, Nevada, and Oregon.

    Photo by Thomas Hawk
    United States

    Population & Diversity

    California is home to a population of 39.3M people, from which 87.7% are citizens. As of 2024, 26.9% of California residents were born outside of the country (10.6M people).

    In 2024, there were 1.89 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (13.3M people) in California than any other race or ethnicity. There were 7.02M Other (Hispanic) and 6.01M Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in California are Spanish (10,513,931 households), Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (1,291,832 households), and Tagalog (Incl. Filipino) (773,155 households).

    Population & Diversity

    Population by Location

    Sex
    RACE/ETHNICITY
    The 3 PUMAS with the highest resident population
    1. Butte County--Chico City PUMA, CA
      207,904
    2. Santa Barbara County--South Coast Region PUMA, CA
      204,951
    3. San Joaquin County (Central)--Stockton City (North) PUMA, CA
      201,703

    In 2024 there were 39,287,377 residents in California.

    The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) with the highest resident population were Butte County--Chico City PUMA, CA (207,904 people), Santa Barbara County--South Coast Region PUMA, CA (204,951 people), and San Joaquin County (Central)--Stockton City (North) PUMA, CA (201,703 people).

    The following map shows all of the states in California colored by the resident population.

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    Residents by Gender and Age

    RACE/ETHNICITY
    19,661,149
    Women
    50%
    19,626,228
    Men
    50%

    The resident population of United States in 2024 was 39,287,377 inhabitants, with 50% men, and 50% women.

    The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in California.

    With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

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    Citizenship

    87.7%
    2024 Citizenship
    87.8%
    2023 Citizenship

    As of 2024, 87.7% of California residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in California was 87.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

    The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in California compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Diversity

    Race and Ethnicity

    The 3 largest ethnic groups in California
    1. White (Non-Hispanic)
      13.3M ± 9.25k
    2. Other (Hispanic)
      7.02M ± 36.6k
    3. Asian (Non-Hispanic)
      6.01M ± 10.6k
    40.2%
    Hispanic Population
    15.8M people

    In 2024, there were 1.89 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (13.3M people) in California than any other race or ethnicity. There were 7.02M Other (Hispanic) and 6.01M Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    40.2% of the people in California are hispanic (15.8M people).

    The following chart shows the 8 races represented in California as a share of the total population.

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    Global Diversity

    Most Common Origin
    1. Mexico
      3,877,888 ± 45,899 people
    2. Philippines
      827,719 ± 22,100 people
    3. China
      695,724 ± 20,296 people

    In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of California was Mexico, the natal country of 3,877,888 California residents, followed by Philippines with 827,719 and China with 695,724.

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    Foreign-Born Population

    26.9%
    2024 Foreign-Born Population
    10.6M people
    26.7%
    2023 Foreign-Born Population
    10.5M people

    As of 2024, 26.9% of California residents (10.6M people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in California was 26.7%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

    The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in California compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Non-English Households

    Most Common Non-English Languages
    1. Spanish
      10,513,931 households (28.3%)
    2. Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
      1,291,832 households (3.48%)
    3. Tagalog (Incl. Filipino)
      773,155 households (2.08%)

    44.4% of the households in California reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in California was Spanish. 28.3% of the households in California reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

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    Military

    Veterans

    Most Common Service Period
    1. Vietnam
      418,425 ± 4,829
    2. Gulf War (2001-)
      347,499 ± 5,422
    3. Gulf War (1990s)
      180,563 ± 3,794

    California has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.2 times greater than any other conflict.

    The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in California.

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    Health

    93.4% of the population of California has health coverage, with 46% on employee plans, 23.4% on Medicaid, 10.6% on Medicare, 12.4% on non-group plans, and 1.07% on military or VA plans.

    Primary care physicians in California see 1,233 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,233 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1076 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 213 patients per year.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.6% were men and 50.4% were women.

    Coverage

    Patient to Clinician Ratios

    1,233 to 1
    Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in California

    Primary care physicians in California see an average of 1,233 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,233 patients).

    The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in California in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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    Health Care Diversity

    In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.6% under 18 years, 22.3% between 18 and 34 years, 38.5% between 35 and 64 years, and 15.6% over 64 years.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.6% were men and 50.4% were women.

    The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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    Uninsured People

    6.59%
    Uninsured
    46%
    Employer Coverage
    23.4%
    Medicaid
    10.6%
    Medicare
    12.4%
    Non-Group
    1.07%
    Military or VA

    Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in California declined by 4.79% from 6.92% to 6.59%.

    The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in California changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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    Health Indicators

    Health Outcomes

    Indicator

    In 2025, the average number of mentally unhealthy days reported in past 30 days (age-adjusted) was 4.73 in California.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of California and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in California.

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    Health Behaviors

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 28.3% in California.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of California and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in California.

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    Clinical Care

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 7.51% in California.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of California and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in California.

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    Economy

    The economy of California employs 17.7M people. In 2024, the largest industries in California were Restaurants & Food Services (1,086,586 people), Construction (1,068,547 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (1,025,820 people), and the highest paying industries were Internet publishing, broadcasting & web search portals ($296,120), Software publishers ($203,403), and Data processing, hosting & related services ($200,270).

    Males in California have an average income that is 1.24 times higher than the average income of females, which is $83,159. The income inequality in California (measured using the Gini index) is 0.493, which is higher than than the national average.

    Employment

    Workforce Diversity

    Measure
    RACE/ETHNICITY
    8,172,850
    Women
    46.3%
    9,486,013
    Men
    53.7%

    The workforce of California in 2024 was 17,658,863 people, with 46.3% woman, and 53.7% men.

    The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in California.

    With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

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    Workforce and Wage by Location

    Measure
    RACE/ETHNICITY

    In 2024 there were 17,658,863 people working in California. The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) that concentrated the largest workforce were San Diego County (South Central)--San Diego City (Central/Centre City & Balboa Park) PUMA, CA (113,713 people), San Diego County (Northwest)--Oceanside City & Camp Pendleton PUMA, CA (105,195 people), and Orange County (North Central)--Anaheim City (East) PUMA, CA (97,030 people).

    The following map shows all of the PUMAs in California colored by workforce or average wage.

    With the upper buttons you can see the yearly change and add a filter by race.

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    Occupations

    17.7M
    2024 Value
    0.378%
    1 Year growth
    ± 0.378%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in California grew at a rate of 0.378%, from 17.6M employees to 17.7M employees.

    The most common job groups, by number of people living in California, are Other managers (509,751 people), Software developers (384,362 people), and Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (380,528 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of California.

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    Unemployment Insurance Claims

    This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in California (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

    The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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    Industries

    Employment by Industries

    17.7M
    2024 Value
    0.378%
    1 Year growth
    ± 0.378%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in California grew at a rate of 0.378%, from 17.6M employees to 17.7M employees.

    The most common employment sectors for those who live in California, are Restaurants & Food Services (1,086,586 people), Construction (1,068,547 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (1,025,820 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of California, though some of these residents may live in California and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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    Median Earnings by Industry

    $60,108
    Median earning men ± $161
    $45,946
    Median earning women ± $188

    The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Information ($111,228), Public Administration ($97,264), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($94,386).

    The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Information ($89,583), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($68,191), and Public Administration ($66,497).

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    Employment by Industry Sector

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for California.
    Y-Axis
    2.57%
    Year-over-year growth
    Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

    As of February 2023, there are 17.9M people employed in California. This represents a 2.57% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

    Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 14%.

    The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in California.

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    Establishments by Size

    The industries with the most establishments
    1. 103,942
      Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
    2. 68,185
      Health Care and Social Assistance
    3. 53,533
      Construction

    The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

    Depending on the option selected, the visualization shows the number of employees or number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

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    Payroll by Industry Sector

    The industries with the highest total annual payroll
    1. $189M
      Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
    2. $176M
      Information
    3. $161M
      Health Care and Social Assistance

    The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

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    Domestic Trade

    Domestic Production & Consumption

    Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from California to other states, or from other states to California.
    Top Domestic Production in Dollars
    1. Electronics
      $462B
    2. Pharmaceuticals
      $197B
    3. Mixed freight
      $159B

    In 2024, the top outbound California product (by dollars) was Electronics with $462B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($197B) and Mixed freight ($159B).

    The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound California products.

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    Domestic Trade Growth

    Showing data for California.
    $2.26T
    2024 Value in California
    $4.61T
    Projected 2050 Value in California
    104% growth

    In 2024, total outbound California trade was $2.26T. This is expected to increase 104% to $4.61T by 2050.

    The following chart shows how the domestic outbound California trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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    Interstate Trade

    Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from California to other states, or from other states to California.
    Most Common Trade Partners
    1. Texas
      $89.6B
    2. Arizona
      $50.3B
    3. Ohio
      $45B

    In 2024, the top outbound California domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Texas with $89.6B, followed by Arizona with $50.3B and Ohio and $45B.

    The following map shows the amount of trade that California shares with each state (excluding itself).

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    Civics

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in California went to Kamala Harris with 58.5% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (38.3%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.25%).

    The most partisan county was San Francisco County, CA with 85.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

    Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff are the senators currently representing the state of California. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    California is currently represented by 51 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

    Presidential Elections

    2024 Election Results
    1. Kamala Harris (58.5%)
      Democratic Party
    2. Donald J. Trump (38.3%)
      Republican Party
    3. Robert Kennedy (1.25%)
      Independent Party

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in California went to Kamala Harris with 58.5% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (38.3%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.25%).

    The following chart shows the popular vote results in California for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

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    Presidential Popular Vote by County

    Kamala Harris
    Popular Vote for California
    58.5% for the Democratic Party
    Most Partisan Counties in California
    1. San Francisco County, CA
      85.3% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
    2. Marin County, CA
      82.3% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
    3. Alameda County, CA
      80.2% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)

    In the 2024 presidential election, the most partisan county in California was San Francisco County, CA with 85.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

    The following map shows the counties in California colored by their party leaning.

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    Senator Elections

    US Senators from California

    Alex Padilla
    Senator from California3
    Assumed office on January 20, 2021
    Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Kamala Harris, who had become Vice President of the United States.
    Adam Schiff
    Senator from California1
    Assumed office on December 8, 2024
    Elected to the seat to succeed Laphonza Butler, who had been appointed to the seat following the death of Dianne Feinstein.

    Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff are the senators currently representing California.

    In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    The following chart shows elected senators in California over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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    Education

    In 2024, universities in California awarded 760,169 degrees. The student population of California in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 1,231,674 male students and 1,538,737 female students.

    Most students graduating from Universities in California are Hispanic or Latino (308,711 and 42.9%), White (184,583 and 25.7%), Asian (113,174 and 15.7%), and Black or African American (37,268 and 5.18%).

    The largest universities in California by number of degrees awarded are University of Southern California (18,492 and 2.43%), University of California-Los Angeles (15,392 and 2.02%), and University of California-Berkeley (15,348 and 2.02%).

    The most popular majors in California are Liberal Arts & Sciences (101,525 and 13.4%), General Business Administration & Management (55,961 and 7.36%), and General Psychology (29,450 and 3.87%).

    The median tuition costs are $35,787 for private four year colleges, and $6,084 and $18,684 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

    Admissions & Enrollments

    Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

    University
    Measure

    In 2024 in California, the percentage of applicants admitted was 47.2%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 15.6%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 2,770,411 (44.5% men and 55.5% women).

    The map shows the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

    The line chart below shows the annual evolution of the indicator by gender.

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    Enrollments by Gender and Races

    Universities

    In 2024 there were 2,770,411 students enrolled in California, 44.5% men and 55.5% women.

    By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in Hispanic or Latino with 1,170,298 records, of which 58.6% were women and 41.4% men.

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    Completions

    Concentrations

    Most Common
    1. General Business Administration & Management
      25,240 degrees awarded
    2. General Psychology
      15,414 degrees awarded
    3. Registered Nursing
      9,724 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in California was General Business Administration & Management with 25,240 degrees awarded.

    This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in California according to their major.

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    Universities

    Gender
    Race
    Largest Universities by degrees awarded
    1. University of Southern California
      18,492 degrees awarded
    2. University of California-Los Angeles
      15,392 degrees awarded
    3. University of California-Berkeley
      15,348 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Southern California with 18,492 degrees awarded.

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    Student Diversity

    University

    In 2024, 310,325 men were awarded degrees from institutions in California, which is 0.69 times less than the 449,844 female students who received degrees in the same year.

    In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was Hispanic or Latino students. These 308,711 degrees mean that there were 1.67 times more degrees awarded to Hispanic or Latino students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, White, with 184,583 degrees awarded.

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    Awarded Degrees over Time

    The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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    Tuition

    Average Net Price by Sector

    Universities

    Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($35,787) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

    Private not-for-profit, 2-year ($2,120) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

    Public, 2-year ($1,152) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

    The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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    Working Population

    Educational Pyramid

    Measure

    In 2024, 2.42% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 2.53% of women were in the same situation.

    This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

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    Educational Attainment

    Race

    The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of California in 2024 were High School or Equivalent (6.85M), Bachelors Degree (6.56M), and Some college (6.56M).

    This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

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    Housing & Living

    The median property value in California was $734,700 in 2024, which is 2.21 times larger than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $695,400 to $734,700, a 5.65% increase. The homeownership rate in California is 55.9%, which is lower than the national average of 65.2%.

    People in California have an average commute time of 28.7 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in California is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

    In 2025, 25.8% of the population was living with severe housing problems in California. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 2.36%.

    Housing

    Property

    $734,700
    Median Property Value 2024
    ±$1,307
    $7.57M
    Median Property Taxes
    ±$25,306

    The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In California the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

    The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in California compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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    Rent vs Own

    55.9%
    Homeownership
    2024
    68.3%
    Homeowners with Mortgage
    2024

    In 2024, 55.9% of the housing units in California were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 55.8%.

    This chart shows the percentage of owner in California compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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    Equity

    Household Income

    Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
    $99,122
    Median Household Income
    ± $310
    13.5M
    Number of Households
    ± 31,890

    In 2024, the median household income of the 13.5M households in California grew to $99,122 from the previous year's value of $96,334.

    The following chart displays the households in California distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

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    Wage Distribution

    0.493
    2024 Wage GINI in California
    0.495
    2023 Wage GINI in California

    In 2024, the income inequality in California was 0.493 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.424% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for California was higher than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in California in comparison to the national average.

    This chart shows the number of workers in California across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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    Transportation

    Commuter Transportation

    Most Common Commute in 2024
    1. Drove Alone (65.7%)
    2. Worked At Home (17.2%)
    3. Carpooled (9.47%)

    In 2024, 65.7% of workers in California drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (17.2%) and those who carpooled to work (9.47%).

    The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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    Commute Time

    28.7 minutes
    Average Travel Time

    Using averages, employees in California have a longer commute time (28.7 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 3.77% of the workforce in California have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

    The chart below shows how the median household income in California compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Car Ownership

    2 cars
    Average Number

    The following chart displays the households in California distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in California have 2 cars.

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    Poverty

    Severe Housing Problems

    In 2025, 25.8% of the population was living with severe housing problems in California. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 2.36%.

    The map show the severe housing problems rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

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    Poverty & Diversity

    12% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in California (4.63M out of 38.6M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 18 - 24.

    The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in California is Hispanic, followed by White and Other.

    The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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    Children in Poverty

    In 2025, 15% of the children was living in poverty in California. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 8.8%.

    The map show the children in poverty rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of children in poverty.

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    Security

    Crimes & Accidents

    Indicator

    In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 421 in California. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 19.8% per 100,000 population.

    The following map shows the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

    The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in California.

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